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Asymptomatic STDs were found in 13% of HIV-infected individuals. The most commonly diagnosed infections were rectal chlamydia, oropharyngeal gonorrhea, and chlamydial urethritis among the men and trichomoniasis among the women. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2012 Jan;39(1):1 Antiretroviral therapy, especially the older drugs like zidovudine, stavudine and indinavir increases the risk of diabetes in HIV patients. Zidovudine and stavudine are associated with fat loss from the face, limbs and buttocks (lipoatrophy), and this side-effect is predictive of diabetes. HIV Weekly, 30 November 2011
Nevirapine taken daily by the HIV infected women reduces the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk. 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. 2 March 2011 HIV and hepatitis C virus infections remain major public health problems among injecting drug users. Among the estimated 16 million injecting drug users worldwide, 3 million are living with HIV and 8 million with Hepatitis C. Journal of Infectious Diseases Volume203, Issue5 March 1, 2011 There are 33.3 million HIV-infected people globally. In sub-Saharan Africa, 22.2 million people have it. The Lancet A man's risk of becoming infected with HIV doubles when his HIV-infected female partner becomes pregnant.Viral load and vaginal shedding of HIV often increase during the course of pregnancy, as the mother's immune system becomes attenuated to accommodate the growing fetus, thus putting the man at greater risk for exposure. International Microbicides Conference 2010 Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against HIV infection with Truvada (FTC + tenofovir) and Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir) tablets is safe and generally well-tolerated. The researchers recommend that this combination should be the standard PEP regimen. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, online edition, 2010HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: The HIV drug Tenofovir 300 mg daily is safe to be given to men at high risk of contracting the virus as a preventative measure, but further trials are needed to establish its efficacy. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) USA. International AIDS Conference in Vienna 2010 US FDA has approved tesamorelin (Egrifta) to treat HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy, a side effect of many antiretroviral agents. The drug, a growth hormone-releasing factor, is given once daily as an injection. Diabetes drug for HIV-associated wasting:Lipoatrophy (loss of fat) of limbs is common in HIV. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used in the treatment of HIV induce lipodystrophy that persists long after patients stop taking the drug. Rosiglitazone, a diabetic medication improves limb fat in patients who have stopped the offending medication. AIDS May, 2010
Children with HIV who received standard childhood immunizations before starting on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could benefit from revaccination. The immune response generated by previous childhood immunizations may be diminished by HAART. Lancet Infectious Disease September 2010; 10: 630 Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of neurological disorders like neuropathy and dementia are surprisingly high in people with HIV. Neurology 2010; 75: 1150 Total lymphocyte count and hemoglobin level predict the probability of death in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy. The predictive value is comparable to that of CD4 count. The Lancet, online edition, DOI: 10. 1016/S0140-6736(10)6066-6, 2010
HIV-positive patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Almost a third of them could benefit from aspirin treatment to reduce the risk. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes Aug 15, 2010 In persons living with HIV, low levels of CD4+ cell count is associated with higher risk for Dementia. J Int AIDS Soc 2010 In HIV infected individuals, a low CD4 count (<50 cells/ mm3) is the strongest predictor of an incident Opportunistic Infections, whereas a high viral load (>100 copies/ mm3) is the most important predictor of an opportunistic malignancy. AIDS Jun 19, 2010 Higher baseline viral load in HIV infection is associated with faster decline CD4-cell count. AIDS Jun 2010
Antiretroviral therapy before week 22, intravenous zidovudine during labor, neonatal zidovudine for 4 to 6 weeks and no breastfeeding, prevents mother-to-child transmission of HIV. HIV Medicine Feb 2010
Treating herpes simplex type 2 with acyclovir slows the progression of HIV in people infected with both diseases. Acyclovir reduced the risk of HIV progression even while not on antiretroviral therapy. However, treating herpes simplex does not reduce the risk of HIV transmission. The Lancet HIV is transmitted -- at least among men who have sex with men -- by the seminal plasma, rather than the seminal cells, meaning the infection arises from HIV virions -- composed of RNA -- rather than the proviral DNA in the cells. Science Translational Medicine STD CLINIC DUBAI STDs Clinic Herpes H P V Genital Wart Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Syphilis Gonorrhea N G U Chlamydia Trichomoniasis U T I L G V |